Noise at Work: Understanding the Control of Noise at Work Regulations

The Scale of the Problem

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) affects an estimated 17,000 construction workers in the UK. Unlike a broken bone, it doesn't heal. Once gone, hearing is gone permanently.

Tinnitus — a constant ringing in the ears — is another common and debilitating consequence of excessive noise exposure on site.

The Law: Control of Noise at Work Regulations 2005

These regulations set out action levels based on daily or weekly noise exposure (LEP,d) and peak sound pressure:

| Level | Daily/Weekly Exposure | Action Required | |---|---|---| | Lower Action Value | 80 dB(A) | Provide information, training, hearing protection on request | | Upper Action Value | 85 dB(A) | Mandatory hearing protection zones, health surveillance | | Exposure Limit Value | 87 dB(A) | Must not be exceeded (accounting for hearing protection) |

Typical Noise Levels on Construction Sites

• Angle grinder: 95–100 dB
• Hammer drill: 100–110 dB
• Diesel generator: 85–90 dB
• Nail gun: 110 dB+
• Hand saw: 80–85 dB

At 100 dB, you reach the Upper Action Value in just 15 minutes without protection.

The Hierarchy of Controls

As with all risks, PPE (ear defenders or plugs) is the last resort, not the first:

1. Eliminate the noisy process (can the task be done differently?)
2. Substitute with quieter equipment (battery tools vs. petrol, dampened blades)
3. Engineering controls — acoustic enclosures, dampening mounts
4. Administrative controls — rotate workers, limit exposure time
5. PPE — suitable hearing protection (SNR rated to bring exposure below 80 dB)

Health Surveillance

If workers are regularly exposed above the Upper Action Value, you must arrange audiometric testing — typically an annual hearing check. Records must be kept.

Practical Site Tips

• Mark Hearing Protection Zones on your site plan
• Never buy ear defenders without checking the SNR rating
• Ensure workers wear them correctly — incorrectly fitted protection offers little benefit
• Include noise risk in your RAMS for noisy activities

Site Safety UK generates RAMS that automatically cover noise exposure for your trade.